In transferring the worm, it bit her on the volar surface of the middle phalanx of her left second (index) digit and she ‘flung it off’, with the resulting puncture wounds evident in the immediate aftermath ( Figure 1, day 0). The patient, an otherwise healthy female 40-year-old field biologist, collected and was bit by an annelid (worm) from the genus Glycera during a survey of tidal pools and mud flats just south of San Francisco. The case described herein is the bite from a bloodworm ( Glycera) delivered to the non-dominant hand of a marine biologist while surveying invertebrate populations in tidal flats typically inhabited by these predatory annelid worms. More cases need to be formally described to better understand the natural history of these types of envenomation. While these bites are not known to be dangerously venomous, they seem to produce painful local symptoms and possibly increase the risk of marine bacterial infections that could be associated with more serious outcomes. Comments about annelid bites sporadically appear in the popular literature, especially pertaining to the fishing industry, under names such as ‘bait-diggers hand’. The late signs and symptoms resolved during a course of antibiotic treatment with doxycycline prescribed as a precaution and lack of resources to consider a wound culture. Additional signs and symptoms appearing over a two-week period were consistent with both delayed venom effects and potentially secondary infection. The local effects included a rapid onset of pain, swelling, and numbness at the bite site “as if injected with local anesthetic”. Herein, we present the report of a symptomatic envenoming suffered by a marine ecologist bitten while performing her field research. The few laboratory study reports describe their venom composition and physiological effects in vitro to be primarily proteolytic enzymes and neurotoxins apparently used for predation and defense. Bites from venomous marine annelid ‘bloodworms’ (e.g., Glycera spp.) do not appear to have been described in the medical literature despite being seemingly well-known to bait diggers and fishermen.
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